The East Coast Genetic Genealogy Conference – ECGGC – Register Now for the Best of the Best

The East Coast Genetic Genealogy Conference, ECGGC, focuses entirely on genetic genealogy, an indispensable tool for all genealogists.

The 3-day conference with 32 speakers and 35 sessions takes place on September 12-14, and is open for registration now. Sessions are available for viewing through 2025, so if you miss something or have other plans, you can catch them later.

While I love in-person conferences, I also love virtual ones because they provide the opportunity to view presentations and see speakers’ sessions that I wouldn’t otherwise be able to attend.

ECGGC is virtual and streams live this year. Take a look at the 2025 program here and speakers, here.

Who is Speaking?

I’m looking forward to binge-watching every session. The speakers are all top-notch experts in their field. There is something for everyone here, no matter your experience level or focus!

Because it’s virtual, you don’t have to make choices between sessions.

Mitochondrial DNA 

I’m sure it won’t surprise anyone to learn that I’m speaking about mitochondrial DNA this year, given the release of Mitotree. Being a member of the Million Mito Project Team has been a dream come true.

Come learn about Mitotree: What It Is, How We Did It, and What It Means to You.

Not only is Mitotree groundbreaking, rewriting the tree of humankind, and a huge leap forward for matrilineal genealogy, it’s also an amazing scientific achievement. The team coupled Mitotree with mtDNA Discover to provide genealogists with a dozen custom reports – and now brick walls are falling.

The Mitotree Science Team and DNA Academy

After dinner on Saturday evening, ECGGC hosts DNA Academy, which, this year, focuses on Mitotree with Mitotree science team members. An ECGGC excluside,  Mitotree scientists assemble in a panel format, giving short presentations in their area of expertise and revealing the backstory of how Mitotree happened.

Hosted by Mags Gaulden, I’ll be there, along with Dr. Paul Maier, who will discuss how Mitotree was developed and constructed, and Dr. Miguel Vilar, who will discuss his focus on genetic anthropology and the development of the Mitotree.

Come share our joy and hear about our struggles, too. We have a fantastic team that loves to educate, and there will be plenty of time for Q&A.

I suppose it would appear biased were I to suggest that DNA Academy, alone, is well worth the conference registration fee😊

But Wait, There’s Even More

In addition to the speakers, ECGGC offers time for online socializing along with a virtual Exhibit Hall. I really encourage everyone to check out the vendors, because their exhibitor fees help fund the conference.

I’m excited and look forward to seeing all of you in September. Don’t forget to register here for either online attendance or viewing the sessions later.

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I receive a small contribution when you click on some of the links to vendors in my articles. This does NOT increase your price but helps me keep the lights on and this informational blog free for everyone. Please click on the affiliate links in the articles or to the vendors below if you are purchasing products or DNA testing.

Thank you so much.

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Relatives at RootsTech Reveals Cousins and Provides DNA Candidates

Relatives at RootsTech is back! Woohoo!!

Relatives at RootsTech literally shows you your relatives that have signed up for RootsTech. Your list of cousins based on the FamilySearch one-world-tree provides a plethora of DNA testing candidates, many of whom may already have tested at one of the vendors. Better yet, based on how you can filter the results, you can easily find both Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA testing candidates.

It’s always insanely busy right before RootsTech as we work on our presentations, but I always get “squirreled” with a “bright shiny object” the day Relatives at RootsTech is released. Relatives at RootsTech is usually available a month before RootsTech and a short time after – so you have a limited time to contact your cousins. This year, the final day is April 12th.

I discovered that Relatives at RootsTech is available when one of my cousins shared her link on social media.

When I click on her link to see if, according to FamilySearch, we share ancestors, I’m prompted to sign in or create a FamilySearch account if I don’t already have one.

Then, I simply opt-in to Relatives at RootsTech for this year.

Relatives at RootsTech is available for anyone who signs up for in-person attendance or virtual attendance, which is free. Translated, it costs nothing to sign up for virtual RootsTech, which means you can access Relatives at RootsTech for free, too.

Initially, I can see if I’m related to my cousin, and then when my own relatives list is ready, I can share an invitation on several platforms, including just an email link, so that other people can see if they are related to me. Then, they receive their own list of relatives with whom they share ancestors. Such fun collaboration!

Here’s the link to see if you’re related to me

If you’d like more information, you can view this Relatives at RootsTech page.

Relationships

After I opted in for this year, I was shown how I’m related to that specific cousin.

Your Connection

Relatives at RootsTech provides a path from you and any cousin you select to display to your common ancestor. You can view your connection and message that cousin through the platform. 

Be sure to evaluate the connection shown. You probably can’t verify the accuracy of their side, but you can certainly verify the accuracy of your side.

If you’re uncertain, it’s a good time for research. If you’re sure there’s an error, you can work on modifying the FamilySearch tree.

Multiple Displays

I love the multiple display options.

Looking at my own Relatives at RootsTech list, I can see 300 of my total 3,377 relatives, and the map for those who have opted-in to display their location.

While you can only display 300 in the “All” category, by selecting any other filter, such as Location, Ancestor, or Family Line, you can see the top 300 in that category which will probably show people not includes in the top 300 unfiltered matches.

One of the best parts about Relatives for RootsTech is that you can filter in a number of ways.

By:

  • Location
  • Ancestor
  • Family Line – meaning maternal and paternal
  • Search by RootsTech attendee

DNA Candidates

I’ve been locating test candidates for both Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA for each of my ancestral lines for years. It’s a wonderful way to learn about their history and find lineage-specific matches. I’ve discovered several surprises over the years, thanks to Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA test results

In this case, the first thing I did was to filter by ancestor and select Nancy Ann Moore – a woman whose mitochondrial DNA I’d dearly love to have. It may well be a clue to the origins and identity of her mother who remains unknown, despite decades of research .

So far, I have two people who have signed up for RootsTech who descend from Nancy. I checked our connections immediately to see if they descend from Nancy through all females.

I love reaching out to my cousins, because who knows what other information they may have that I don’t. Through collaboration with cousins, I’ve received photos, a diary, stories, newspaper clippings, old letters and more – and you know for a fact that people who registered for RootsTech this year are actively interested in genealogy.

So, click here to see if we’re related. This will allow you to opt in to Relatives for RootsTech, and you can enjoy meeting your cousins!

Be sure to check back often, too, because more people will register between now and April 12th.

If we see each other at RootsTech, be sure to tell me if we’re related and through which ancestor!!

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Share the Love!

You’re always welcome to forward articles or links to friends and share on social media.

If you haven’t already subscribed (it’s free,) you can receive an e-mail whenever I publish by clicking the “follow” button on the main blog page, here.

You Can Help Keep This Blog Free

I receive a small contribution when you click on some of the links to vendors in my articles. This does NOT increase your price but helps me keep the lights on and this informational blog free for everyone. Please click on the links in the articles or to the vendors below if you are purchasing products or DNA testing.

Thank you so much.

DNA Purchases and Free Uploads

Genealogy Products and Services

My Books

Genealogy Books

Genealogy Research

Register for RootsTech 2025 Now

You can now register for RootsTech 2025, whether you’re planning to attend in person March 6-8 in Salt Lake City or virtually.

There’s no better value.

A three-day pass to the entire conference only costs $129, or you can attend online for free. More than 200 sessions are available virtually, and another 250 are exclusive to attendees in Salt Lake City.

While we think of presenters at conferences, and we should, I love the vendors in the Expo Hall. It’s a gathering of the very best of everything genealogy! You can see demos, talk to experts, and so much more. Be sure to save time in your schedule because the hall is huge, and you don’t want to miss anything.

You also don’t want to miss the keynote sessions, which are available either in person or virtually. It never fails, not only are they amazingly upbeat and inspirational, but Steve Rockwood always makes me cry. There’s just such an amazing, electric energy like no place else.

RootsTech is a genealogy homecoming, like the swallows returning to San Juan Capistrano. One big reunion!

Who’s Presenting and Their Sessions

Want to see who’s presenting?

Scroll down to “More to Explore.”

Click on either the Search or the Class Schedule link.

Search

“Search” allows you to select DNA or other topic to view a group of sessions.

Click to view DNA sessions.

Note that the first 15 sessions are 2025 sessions, and the sessions on the next several pages were recorded in past years and are still available for your viewing pleasure.

Please note that using the search feature, every session has a “Watch” button, but that’s not always accurate. Not every session can be watched.

For example, here’s one of my sessions.

It’s scheduled for March 8th at 3:30, and it’s noted as “in person,” but it also has a watch button and shouldn’t.

If you click on the watch button, you’ll see a notice that the session is not being broadcast or recorded. So, DON’T make your decision based on the presence of a “Watch” button on sessions you want to see. If it’s available online, it will say so in the top left corner.

Class Schedule – Speakers

If you select “Class Schedule,” you can click the down arrow to select specific speakers you’d like to see.

I selected my name, and here’s what I see. I have four sessions in total: three in person (including one double session) and one online.

However, initially, you don’t see any sessions displayed. You notice that there are three tabs with associated numbers. You need to navigate using these tabs.

If you click on “All Sessions,” you don’t see all four of my sessions; you see only the sessions by day.

The default, above, is Online, and you can see that I have one Online session. To view information about that session, ALSO click on Saturday to display the online sessions I have on Saturday. If I had online sessions on another day too, you would see that day, say Sunday, in addition to Saturday. You would have to click on Sunday to see my online sessions on Sunday.

In other words, you navigate by a combination of “Session Type” AND “When.”

Do the same thing for “In Person,” or “All.” Select by day for each category.

When you select “In Person” or “All,” you’ll be able to select the sessions by day. For example, here are all of my Saturday sessions – one in person and one online.

Be sure to download the RootsTech app to create your own schedule, especially if you’re attending in person. It will make navigating the conference much easier!

My Sessions – You’re Invited

I’m honored that RootsTech has invited me to present DNA  Academy again this year. Of course, a lot has changed, and everything in the presentation is fresh and up-to-date. DNA Academy was very popular last year, with standing-room-only. This year, we’re in a double room – 155 B and C.

  • Bonus – DNA Academy on March 6th at 3:30 EST (1:30 Mountain) is actually a double session and runs until 4 PM MST.

DNA Academy – Vendors, Tools and Techniques to Find Your Ancestors is a great way to learn about when and how to use DNA for genealogy, then the best that each vendor has to offer. This session begins at 3:30 on March 6th and is actually a double session. We will have a short break, but in essence, it runs from 3:30 until 6. Hence, the title of “Academy.”

You can view my sessions here and add them to your conference schedule.

My book, The Complete Guide to FamilyTreeDNA: Y-DNA, Mitochondrial, Autosomal, and X-DNA, is a wonderful companion to this session. US customers can order the book here in e-pub, black-and-white, or color versions. Non-US customers should order print books from their country’s Amazon site to avoid expensive shipping, VAT tax, etc.

Since I’ll be presenting live from Salt Lake City anyway, there’s a rumor afoot that I may be in a conference room so that people can attend in person, too. I know many of you have asked for this, so RootsTech is trying their best to accommodate that request.

This session pairs well with my book, DNA for Native American Genealogy, available here. Outside the US, please order through your country’s Amazon.

  • On March 8th, at 3:30 EST (1:30 Mountain), my fourth sessionReveal Your Maternal Ancestors & Their Stories Using Mitochondrial DNA, is being held in Ballroom G. I love the ballrooms because of their seating capacity, and they have multiple screens. This session will be a lot of fun because we’re going to discuss success stories and how the new Mitotree will boost your genealogy!

Yes, this session is late on the last day of RootsTech, but what a great way to end the conference. Who doesn’t have female brick walls that need to fall?

Book Signings

I’m not sure when or where yet, but I will be doing at least one book signing in the Expo Hall at RootsTech and possibly a meet-and-greet. I’ll let you know more when we’ve nailed down specifics.

Also, if you’ve already purchased the book, you don’t necessarily need to bring it along. I’ll have some bookplates along with me that I can sign, which you can affix to the inside of your book at home.

Register for RootsTech Now

How is it possible that RootsTech opens in just 47 days? I can hardly wait!

Be sure to register, here.

I look forward to seeing you there.

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Share the Love!

You’re always welcome to forward articles or links to friends and share on social media.

If you haven’t already subscribed (it’s free,) you can receive an e-mail whenever I publish by clicking the “follow” button on the main blog page, here.

You Can Help Keep This Blog Free

I receive a small contribution when you click on some of the links to vendors in my articles. This does NOT increase your price but helps me keep the lights on and this informational blog free for everyone. Please click on the links in the articles or to the vendors below if you are purchasing products or DNA testing.

Thank you so much.

DNA Purchases and Free Uploads

Genealogy Products and Services

My Books

Genealogy Books

Genealogy Research

Welcome to 2025! – Opportunities and New Genetic Genealogy Articles

It’s a new year with new opportunities. Lots of ancestors to find and others to confirm.

For me, the best part is actually learning about my ancestors’ lives. If you’re a subscriber, I’m sure you’ve already noticed that.

These adventures and misadventures are what inspire my blog articles. What works well, what doesn’t and how to use multiple tools to unveil more about our ancestors.

That’s what motivates me. I hope it motivates you, too.

New Articles in the Works

I’d like to share some of the articles and educational events I have planned for 2025, then ask what topics you’d like to see.

Articles on the drawing board include:

  • MyHeritage DNA File Download Instructions Update
  • Mitotree – when released
  • Mitochondrial Discover – when released
  • Genealogy Proof Series – The series continues with autosomal, Y-DNA, and mitochondrial DNA proof.
  • The Forest of the Trees – Lots of different kinds of trees for both Y and mitochondrial DNA at FamilyTreeDNA. How to use them, for what, and when. This will probably be written as a series.
  • New features and developments from vendors as they occur
  • Acadian Ancestors – I hope to complete my Acadian 52 Ancestors articles. For those who don’t know, “52 Ancestors” is a challenge to write about one ancestor each week for a year. You can sign up with Amy Johnson Crow here to learn more and receive weekly prompts. It’s fun and allows you to focus on one ancestor at a time, and the history that occurred in their lifetime.

Other Learning Opportunities

In addition to those articles, I’ll be at RootsTech in person presenting:

  • DNA Academy – the 2025 version, soup to nuts
  • DNA for Native American Genealogy
  • Reveal Your Maternal Ancestors and Their Stories Using Mitochondrial DNA
  • Guide to FamilyTreeDNA – Using Y-DNA, Mitochondrial DNA, Autosomal, X-DNA and Associated Tools

I’ll also participate in other educational events with Legacy Family Tree Webinars, WikiTree, the North Carolina Genealogy Society, and FamilyTreeDNA. I’ll provide more information about them later.

Finding Information

Remember, you can always use a keyword search on this blog to find any topic I’ve written about previously.

Also, Google’s AI has apparently trained itself using my blog articles, as have a couple of other AI tools. I know this because my blog comes up as a resource when I google questions. You can try that, too.

Your Turn – What Do You Want?

There are always new topics, new features, or different ways to explain things.

  • What would you like to see covered in 2025?
  • Are there any hot genetic genealogy topics that you’d love to learn more about?

Please make your suggestions in a comment on this article.

Here’s wishing you a wonderful 2025 with lots of ancestor discoveries.

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Follow DNAexplain on Facebook, here.

Share the Love!

You’re always welcome to forward articles or links to friends and share on social media.

If you haven’t already subscribed (it’s free,) you can receive an e-mail whenever I publish by clicking the “follow” button on the main blog page, here.

You Can Help Keep This Blog Free

I receive a small contribution when you click on some of the links to vendors in my articles. This does NOT increase your price but helps me keep the lights on and this informational blog free for everyone. Please click on the links in the articles or to the vendors below if you are purchasing products or DNA testing.

Thank you so much.

DNA Purchases and Free Uploads

Genealogy Products and Services

My Books

Genealogy Books

Genealogy Research

Three Hurricanes and One Conference

Ironically, this started out to be the shortest blog post ever from me, but became a little more lengthy. I don’t think I have it in me to be brief.

This article is quite different from “normal,” and I’m writing stream of consciousness, like we’re talking over coffee and I‘m showing you photos from my phone, which I literally am, plus a few others from the conference.

People have noticed that I haven’t posted as much recently and are asking if I’m alright, especially with the devastation from Hurricane Helene.

First, thank you for caring.

Let me make a long story short and let you know what’s going on.

I’m Fine – Others Aren’t

Compared to other people, we are fine right now.

So, here’s what happened.

I went on a business trip in early July and came home with Covid. I was sick for a week. Trust me, Covid can still kick your behind.

A week later, I went on a long-planned ancestral journey to Nova Scotia, escaping Florida just before they closed the airport for Hurricane Debby. I had tested negative for Covid by then, more than once, but I was still very tired.

Having said that, I was not going to forego any opportunity in Nova Scotia to tread where my ancestors had. So yes, I did too much and pushed too hard. No regrets. You’ll read about those adventures soon.

I returned home in time to prepare for Hurricane Helene.

Helene

I will never be able to hear that name for the rest of my life without PTSD.

Once again, aside from trees down and some missing shingles, our property is fine.

But the devastation very near where we live is unimaginable. Our coastline took a 10-foot storm surge that inundated areas never before affected.

The area North of us took the direct hit and an even higher storm surge. Entire houses floated away and collapsed.

Millions without power. Incredible devastation. Loss of life.

Our local Facebook feed is filled with horrific stories, people literally begging for assistance, as well as incredible generosity.

Here are a couple of photos taken days later.

My heart breaks for these people.

If you’re wondering why people don’t just dry things out, they are unsanitary. Think dead and rotting things and fecal matter. By the time the flood waters have receded and people can actually get back into their homes, mold has already set in.

Yet, there were trash pickers here, as people were literally carrying their ruined items, which together comprise their lives, to the curb.

Not only that, electrical wiring does not get along with water. Insulation wicks water up the walls. To say it’s a heartbreaking mess is an understatement.

And it’s like this for miles and miles and miles!

Appalachia

And then there’s Appalachia.

To give you a visual of how large the impact of Helene is, here’s a satellite view at night of the lights in the US. Above is normal. Below is after Helene – and it doesn’t even show the west coast of Florida which was dark too.

If you follow my blog, you know my father’s family is from eastern Tennessee and western North Carolins, which means I have a LOT of cousins. Not close cousins, as in the family tree, but close to my heart cousins.

Many of the communities in eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina where my family lives were either entirely inundated and devastated, or washed away entirely. I still cannot make contact with one cousin and his wife, or their adult daughter.

Yesterday, a service dog group that I follow called for more cadaver dogs—retired ones, dogs in training, and anyone who can help. Many people are still missing and may never be found.

One of my cousins said it’s “like the apocalypse,” and another said they still can’t grasp what they are seeing. A third said that everyone knows people who died and that it’s a “literal hellscape.” And yet a fourth found an upside-down casket, washed out from some cemetery upstream, caught and lodged in the tree rooms of their stream that became a raging river. It’s worse than photographs and words can even begin to convey.

Wide-Ranging Effects

One thing I never fully realized before was that these types of disasters don’t just affect the people whose homes were destroyed or damaged but have effects spread much more widely. Let me give you an example.

I got sick again after I came home from Nova Scotia and needed antibiotics. This was actually the day that the hurricane struck here.

For two days, we endured the actual hurricane. They evacuated our hospitals and closed the emergency rooms, which they absolutely should have. Most, if not all, urgent cares were closed, too. That meant that those types of services further inland were entirely swamped. Not to mention people hurt in the hurricane, those injured trying to rescue people (and animals,) and survivors injured trying to salvage anything of their life in filthy flood waters.

Then, during and after the hurricane, there was no power, and an even larger area was non-functional.

As power was restored, slowly, most places were still closed. Damage – no staff – a myriad of reasons.

Power, internet, and cell service bounced up and down unreliable like a crazed ball, and it took days before all three functioned at the same time. In many locations, they still don’t.

Five days later, I finally found a telemed doctor that would take me. They wrote a prescription for the medication I needed. BUT – getting the prescriptions filled was another matter entirely.

Of the three pharmacies we have available to choose from, one had no power, one was flooded, and one had no pharmacist. They were trying to shuffle resources, including prescriptions for people. I finally got two of the three medications, but many others weren’t so lucky.

Think about it. The mail service wasn’t running. Neither was Fed-Ex here. People couldn’t get their life-saving medications. Insulin needs to be refrigerated. Local pharmacies couldn’t get shipments either. And it was even worse in Appalachia, where roads are entirely gone. Thankfully, people with private helicopters created a network and were dropping supplies and evacuating the desperately ill.

And yes, despite what the misinformation fear-mongers would have you believe, FEMA is here, on the ground, and fully staffed. All of the misinformation out there is only hurting people who need it most. Not only does it keep people outraged as a political ploy, but people who really need the funds don’t bother to apply because they believe the misinformation. Check rumors here.

Aftermath

Now, we’re living in the aftermath. Locally, hundreds of businesses are closed and may never reopen. All of those places employed people who need their income. With many fewer businesses, where are they going to find employment? How are they going to make their car and house payments?

This isn’t just physical devastation, it’s economic too and is affecting far more people than just people whose homes flooded.

The scope of the devastation, both physical and economic, is mind-boggling.

And I haven’t even mentioned the psychological effects.

East Coast Genetic Genealogy Conference

Months ago, I committed to presenting at the East Coast Genetic Genealogy Conference in Maryland this past weekend. Not only had I made a commitment, I really wanted to attend to see people, my family of heart, and meet new people – not to mention the great sessions being offered.

But – I was sick. And tired.

By Wednesday, I had to make a go-no-go decision. I had been on my antibiotics for a couple of days by then, was not contagious, and decided to go, even though I was not 100%. I hate more than anything to let people down.

I’m glad I made the journey, even though I never got to attend even one session. The good news is that the sessions were recorded, and I can watch them through the end of the year. You can still register and watch too.

Another presenter became ill, and we covered their sessions for them. That’s what family does.

And yes, we are a family.

Yet another attendee had immediate family who suffered catastrophic loss during the hurricane and we were all there for that person too.

So many hugs all the way around. So many offers of help. So many people asking “what do you need” or “how can I help?”

My laptop was acting up on top of everything else. One of my friends I’ve known for years stepped in to help. I left him with my phone and laptop (that tells you just how much I trust him), communicating with my husband, as I went off to help someone else with something. That’s what we do as a community.

My immediate family and even most of my close family are gone now, except for my daughter and son-in-law. I’ve built an auxiliary family – not necessarily intentionally. It just happened. My sisters and brothers of heart. My “cousins” by blood or otherwise. I’ve met and come to love these people through genealogy.

And I do mean love.

That’s who we are in this community.

I made new friends who I really enjoyed spending time with. You know who you are!!

Normally, I’d write an article about the conference, taking you with me, but this time, just a few photos.

Mags Gaulden, (left) opened the DNA Academy, which is now a Saturday evening tradition, with somewhat of a fireside chat. Panelists are, left to right, me, Dana Leeds, David Vance, and Diahan Southard. (Thank you, Lois, for taking this photo.)

Mags’ question to the panelists was what brought us to where we are today. No one back in the day went to college to be a genetic genealogist, so how did it happen? You probably know most of my story, but you can watch the rest of the panelists’ replies on the videos. I have to say, this was incredibly interesting.

DNA Academy is supposed to be a deep dive into something.

I presented about X-DNA. I was trying to create my presentation when I was sick, as power came and went during Hurricane Helene, figuring I’d have more time to review the presentation on Friday after I arrived in Baltimore. So much for that idea – Murphy was visiting in multiple ways, including my new laptop. 

Thankfully, Dana Leeds was kind enough to put all of our presentations on her laptop, which made it easier for everyone and the transitions much smoother.

Dana Leeds presented about the Leeds Method, which, of course, is named after her. She’s using AI tools now to make it even easier.

David Vance presented about the types of DNA testing, but because he drew the short straw and went last, he didn’t really get his allotted time. Unfortunately, the speakers before him (me included) were naughty, very excited about their topics, and went a few minutes over. The audience didn’t seem to care, but Dave got shortchanged.

So Dave provided us with a QR code to a video where he explains more fully. I can’t wait to watch this!

Next, to the vendor exhibition area.

Vendors

I really like the vendor areas at conferences. So many cool innovations to be found there!

I thought someone took a photo of me with Barry Chodak (left) and Joe Garonzik, owner and Marketing Director, respectively, of Genealogical.com, but apparently not. Here they are at their booth, holding my books. I have to say this – they are both just so nice and it was lovely to finally meet them in person.

I had two scheduled book signings, but I signed books anywhere and everywhere and enjoyed hearing about everyone’s genealogical brick walls that they hope will fall. For anyone who wants one of my books, including the new color version of The Complete Guide to FamilyTreeDNA – Y-DNA, Mitochondrial, Autosomal and X-DNA , there’s a discount code, DNA24, good for 15% off for a limited time at Genealogical.com.

I also met several people who have common ancestors or common research areas. This is the best part of conferences.

Mark Thompson and Dr. David Mayer. I really enjoyed spending time with both of these gentlemen.

Kevin Borland with Borland Genetics. Check out his tools here.

Unfortunately, I never got a photo of Rob Warthen’s DNAGedcom, probably because he was so busy helping other people. He’s also on the ECGGC board and that of MitoYDNA too, I think, so he was very busy. I’m one of the people he assisted with tech challenges. You can check out DNAGedcom here.

Presentations

Janine Cloud and I presented about mitochondrial DNA. I felt awful that the scheduled presenter was ill, and it really broke my heart being forced to talk about mitochondrial DNA. Do you believe that? 😊

The most difficult presentations I’ve ever given are when I’m filling in for another presenter with their slide deck that I’ve seen exactly once, or maybe twice, to try to prep in a hurry. Since we both love this topic, Janine and I could probably have done an hour of just standup if we had to. I think Mark Thompson took this photo, too. Thank you.

Janine and I tag-teamed our other two presentations as well, but I don’t have photos of those. Nor of the FamilyTreeDNA booth.

I do have one “after” shot, though.

Camaraderie

No one planned this meetup event, but we all saw each other walking through the lobby and just organically gathered together after the last session on Sunday evening. We were all exhausted, but in a good way. Just look how joyful we were. Again, thanks to Mark Thompson for taking this photo. We should have recruited a passerby so that he could have been in the picture, too.

A huge thank you to Mags and the entire ECGGC crew, many of whom are in this photo wearing black shirts. It takes a village to pull this off, and these folks are all awesome volunteers.

They did an absolutely bang-up job, and I’m sorry I couldn’t cover this conference more comprehensively. Be sure to watch the videos.

It’s really, really difficult to travel in the evening after a long conference day because exhaustion is real. However, this time, I was very glad I was flying out Sunday evening because I had to go home and deal with Milton.

Milton, the Monster

I tried very hard to ignore the weather while in Maryland. From Friday to Sunday, things changed dramatically. Floridians don’t even think twice about a tropical storm, and a category one hurricane is concerning but not overly so. We know how to prepare. However, in 18 hours, Milton went from a category one hurricane to a category five hurricane. Say what?

The rapid intensification was unprecedented.

Now, just two weeks after Helene, I’m staring Hurricane Milton in the face. I’m trying my best stink-eye, but Milton doesn’t seem to be deterred. He’s not budging. Unless the path shifts, this hurricane is going to hit on Wednesday in much of the same area that suffered so much devastation along Florida’s western coast just two weeks ago.

The trajectory is different, which means we’ll take the bullseye instead of the side of this one. You can follow, here, if you wish.

Ironically, one of the dangers this time is all of the cleanout debris from Hurricane Helene, including appliances, drywall, and furniture that’s sitting at the curb, waiting for the haulers who are coming around to collect the belongings of the families who lived in those homes. That’s not debris in one location, but in all coastal areas from south of Tampa north to the panhandle. Milton will be throwing all that around like it weighs nothing, creating lethal projectiles.

A few minutes ago, Milton strengthened to a CAT 5 hurricane with winds of 155 MPH and a storm surge of 18 feet above normal tide. They are hoping Milton drops to a CAT 3 or 4 before landfall, but there are no guarantees about that or even exactly where the bullseye will be, other than near Tampa. Evacuations have already begun.

Hopefully, people in mandatory evacuation zones will – instead of being stubborn. If you’re in an evacuation zone, for all that’s holy, please at least EVACUATE TO SOMEPLACE INLAND! This is a monster storm approaching with unsurvivable winds and coastal surge up to 20 feet. Mother Nature is not messing around.

The challenge now is that the northbound roads are already clogged beyond capacity and local gas stations are already out of fuel. We were still short on supplies after Helene, and the stores and even the gas station are devoid of food now, too.

There’s only one way out of Florida—north. Many people are at least headed a few miles inland.

So, here’s the deal. Please hold us in your thoughts. You may not hear from me for a bit, depending on what’s happening here. I can’t exactly research and prepare articles right now. I need power and the internet, both. We had infrastructure damage to cross-country transmission lines and cell towers, not to mention water and sewer systems with Helene – and that hasn’t been completely repaired yet. The damage from this storm will be cumulative.

Chances are I’ll be fine, maybe with some damage. Fingers crossed. This is just a temporary hold on the articles we all love.

Ancestors

Because I’m a genealogist, I can’t help but think about our ancestors who had NO warning at all about devastating approaching weather. Granted, all of this has been exacerbated by climate change, but there were still tornadoes, blizzards, floods, and hurricanes in the past – and they somehow survived. Maybe by luck. Maybe they listened to ancestral stories about why you live on the hillside instead of in the valley. Maybe they watched the animals and were more in tune with nature.

And you know what, I’m exceedingly glad my affairs are in order, just in case, including a beneficiary for my DNA kits and those I manage at FamilyTreeDNA. I’m grateful that I have co-administrators for most projects as well. This is exactly why – when some type of disaster, either weather or personal, like a fire or health issue happens – we often have no warning.

Please hold all the people already suffering, along with the people facing Milton the Monster in the light, or whatever form of prayer you practice.

See Ya On the Flip Side

One of the things we do is let family members know when we’re going someplace, and when we’re OK. I’ve never met many of you personally, but after more than a dozen years together, I feel like you’re my circle of family too. Thank you.

I’ll be back soon.

Alright, I’m outta here for now. I need to see if we can find a gas station that still has fuel and make an evacuation decision. We do not yet have an evacuation order where I live, but we’re preparing.

See you overhome.

East Coast Genetic Genealogy Conference, October 4-6, Virtual or In-Person

I hope you’ll join us for the East Coast Genetic Genealogy Conference at the Maritime Conference Center in Linthicum Heights, Maryland, just a shuttle ride from the Baltimore airport.

I just love conferences that specialize in genetic genealogy. The East Coast Genetic Genealogy Conference does precisely that, featuring 25 experts with a wide variety of expertise.

Take a look at the lineup, here and the sessions, here.

I can hardly wait!!!

You can register here to attend either virtually or in person, but hurry because the early bird discount is only in effect until September 15th.

My Presentations

I’m honored to present two sessions with Janine Cloud.

For those who don’t know, Janine is a registered member of the Cherokee Tribe and we both love talking about researching Native American heritage using DNA.

Janine manages the group projects for FamilyTreeDNA, so she is uniquely qualified to explain how they work and how you can make them work better for you.

One of the very cool new tools is the Group Time Tree. We’ll explain how to use the tree as a group administrator’s tool in addition to being a fantastic problem-solver for genealogists.

DNA Academy

Several years ago, a small group of genetic genealogists discussed creating a DNA Academy where experts offer advanced topics. Mags Gaulden will share more about that fateful discussion.

The manifestation of our dream will take place for the third time at the ECCGC on October 5th, from 6-8, virtually or in person, with five guest speakers.

Book Signing

Genealogical.com will have a booth at ECCGCs and will be selling both of my books, in addition to others.

I don’t have the book signing schedule yet, but it will be displayed in the booth.

Please come by and say hello.

Hope to see you at ECCGCs!

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Thank you so much.

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DNA Summer School Fun!

I love that the North of Ireland Family History Society is hosting a Zoom-based DNA-focused Summer School from September 2nd through September 6th. This year’s theme is “Case Studies.” There is one afternoon and one evening session each day, and they will be recorded so attendees can view them anytime worldwide for 28 days.

Martin McDowell does a fantastic job as their Education Director. He and several other presenters will be speaking.

Note that Katy Rowe from FamilyTreeDNA is giving a sneak peek at the upcoming MitoTree and MitoDiscover – so don’t miss that!

I’ll present some exciting Mitochondrial DNA case studies and discuss genealogical success stories using mitochondrial DNA.

Miguel Vilar, former Lead Scientist for the Genographic Project, will educate us about Ancient DNA. Both Y-DNA Discover and soon-to-be MitoDiscover both feature ancient DNA haplogroup matches.

I can’t wait to attend Martin’s DNA Proof Standards class. How much proof is enough, and what kind of proof? When do we need more, and how do we find it?

This is a wonderful lineup!

You can sign up for all classes for about $100 US, or for individual classes, here. Take a look, and I hope to see you there! It’s going to be great fun!!

_____________________________________________________________

You Can Help Keep This Blog Free

I receive a small contribution when you click on some of the links to vendors in my articles. This does NOT increase your price but helps me keep the lights on and this informational blog free for everyone. Please click on the links in the articles or to the vendors below if you are purchasing products or DNA testing.

Thank you so much.

DNA Purchases and Free Uploads

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RootsTech 2024 Synopsis – Plus the MyHeritage Keynote is Online Now

RootsTech isn’t entirely over yet.

  1. Many vendor videos remain available
  2. FamilyTreeDNA show pricing specials are still in effect until March 29th. Don’t miss out.
  3. Relatives at RootsTech is still available through March 29th
  4. Recorded RootsTech speaker videos are available and will remain available indefinitely.
  5. Gilad Japhet is the founder and CEO of MyHeritage, and his wonderful keynote has only become available in the last day or so. I always attend his keynote, but unfortunately, I was presenting a session at exactly the same time, so I couldn’t this year. Gilad revealed an incredible discovery that every genealogist will both understand and enjoy. You can watch, here.

Relatives at RootsTech

People have continued to sign up to view the free sessions, so don’t neglect to check back. Here’s the link.

Don’t forget that Relatives at RootsTech is the perfect avenue to connect with cousins who descend from specific ancestors. Seldom do you know which ancestor you share before you know if you are a DNA match – so take advantage of this opportunity and ask your relatives if they have tested their DNA and, if so, at which company or companies. Then, take a look at that company, see if they match, and paint your segments at DNAPainter.

Relatives at RootsTech is also particularly useful for finding candidates for both Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA candidates since you can tell immediately if your cousin descends from your common ancestor through all females (mitochondrial DNA) or if they are a male and descend from a male ancestor through all males. Generally, the surname tells that story.

Close cousins may well have photos, stories, or other information that didn’t make their way down to you, so do reach out.

I write about Relatives at RootsTech, including instructions, in the article Relatives at RootsTech Returns!!! Don’t forget to take advantage of this while you still can.

The RootsTech Travel Journal Articles

I really had no idea how many people look forward to travel journal stories, for lack of another description. I know not everyone can attend, and I really wanted to give you a true flavor, like you were walking along with me.

For those of you who would like to be sure you read all of the RootsTech 2024 articles, or if you simply want to read them in order or check out the comments, here they are:

RootsTech 2025

I always say I don’t know if I have another one in me. RootsTech, the presentation prep, planning, leadup, travel itself, the incredible show, and then returning home are both exhilarating and exhausting. I feel like I need to sleep for a week!

I tell my friends and my husband to remind me of this about mid-summer when I’ve forgotten the pain of childbirth, er, I mean RootsTech, and think this is a wonderful idea again.

They do, and then I sign up anyway.

Now they just roll their eyes at me. I don’t blame them one bit.

Did I mention that I don’t know if I have another one in me? 😊

I will say that RootsTech would be a WHOLE LOT MORE tempting if it didn’t take place in the winter.

I keep suggesting that FamilySearch purchase the hotel around the corner from the FamilySearch Library and rent rooms to researchers and conference attendees.

I sure hope you’ve enjoyed attending RootsTech with me this year!

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You’re always welcome to forward articles or links to friends and share on social media.

If you haven’t already subscribed (it’s free,) you can receive an e-mail whenever I publish by clicking the “follow” button on the main blog page, here.

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I receive a small contribution when you click on some of the links to vendors in my articles. This does NOT increase your price but helps me keep the lights on and this informational blog free for everyone. Please click on the links in the articles or to the vendors below if you are purchasing products or DNA testing.

Thank you so much.

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RootsTech Session Signup and My Sessions

It’s hard to believe we’re t-minus two weeks now for RootsTech.

For me, this is going to be the busiest RootsTech EVER.

This article is about signing up for both in-person and virtual sessions – and about my sessions. I hope to see you there.

Another article will follow next week about my booth talks (I think there are 7 now), book signings, and more.

A cautionary note – if you want to attend my sessions at RootsTech, you need to indicate your interest by the “add” to schedule button. I’ll show you how in a minute. If there are a lot of people indicating interest in a particular session, and the room is too small, RootsTech may rearrange things a bit. I don’t want anyone who wants to attend to be unable to find a seat.

One of my sessions is the DNA Academy, which covers soup to nuts for a full afternoon – and I don’t want you to miss this opportunity. This is a first for RootsTech and for me as well. We will discuss all four major vendors, their best tools, third-party tools, and research techniques. There are some real goodies in this session, including maybe an announcement. Just sayin’!

I have two primary sessions plus a third where I’m a panel member.

Session Day/Time (Mountain Time) Session Type
Genetic Genealogy Turns 25: DNA Experts Tell Their Stories (Panelist in Diahan Southard’s session) Thursday, February 29, 12:15-1:00 MST, Ballroom B In Person, Livestreamed and Recorded
DNA Academy: Pulling It All Together – Tests, Vendors, Tools and You Friday, March 1, 1:30-4:00 MST (*Please note this class is 2.5 hours – all afternoon*) In Person Only, not recorded or Livestreamed
Highways of History – Flesh Out Your Ancestors Using Discover Case Studies Saturday, March 2, 1:30-2:30 MST In Person Only, not recorded or livestreamed

Registration and Signup

Virtual RootsTech sessions are free, including pre-recorded webinars, recorded vendor sessions found in their virtual booths, and livestreams. Livestreams will be recorded for your viewing pleasure later.

In-person RootsTech is not free, although it’s very reasonably priced at $99 for all three days.

Most of the sessions are not recorded. Of course, every presenter hoped that their session would be selected for one of the three ballrooms equipped for broadcasting – but there are only 3 lucky sessions in each timeslot. Clearly, another good reason to attend in person.

However, in my opinion, the best reason to attend in person is the camaraderie with fellow genealogists.

Time Zone Cautions

Caution – when viewing the RootsTech session schedule WITHOUT signing in, the session time will revert to your local time on your computer. This was very confusing to me because I know my session takes place at 1:30 at the conference, but it showed my session at 3:30.

However, after I registered and SIGNED IN, the time displayed for the sessions was correct – 1:30 MST, the Salt Lake City timezone.

This is a great feature for people attending in person, but be aware if you’re trying to view something live-streamed, the time shown may be a challenge. Just be aware. Even if you miss a live session, the recorded version will be available later for viewing.

Sessions

If you haven’t signed up yet, click here.

You’ll see information about the In-Person event and the Online event, which is free. Scroll down for more info.

To view speakers and create your schedule, click on the appropriate button.

On-Demand and Timeless Events

RootsTech On-Demand sessions are available near the bottom of the main page.

There are multiple ways to search for or browse sessions and speakers.

If you just want to search for everything, broadly, across all years, without registering, click on the little magnifying icon on the top right.

You can search or browse using a variety of filters.

However, let’s look at just the events for this year.

2024 RootsTech Events

If you want to search for 2024 sessions only, click on RootsTech Event, then Speakers.

To find my sessions, search by name and then select me.

You’ll see all of my RootsTech sessions available in the library, plus my two scheduled for this year.

Please note that viewing sessions BEFORE YOU SIGN IN results in the sessions defaulting to your system time zone. For me, these are showing as beginning at 3:30 because I’m EST, but the classes are scheduled at 1:30 MST and will be reflected as such AFTER you sign up AND sign in.

Also, if you use more than one email address, don’t forget which one you used. Don’t ask how I know this!

Here are my two classes, one of which is 2+ hours. I’m VERY excited about this opportunity to share with you how to get the most out of available tools. A lot has changed recently in this industry, and there’s something here for everyone, including organizational techniques.

Three Days of Great Sessions

RootsTech will be held over a three-day period.

Sign up for in person attendance, here.

Sign up for the free online event, here.

After you sign in, you’ll be able to filter and create your own schedule of conference events.

After Signup

You can filter for classes in a variety of ways.

Unfortunately, when you are viewing the sessions, you can’t see who is speaking. However, click on the title to view additional information.

In addition to my own presentations, I’m a panelist in Diahan Southard’s session.

I really hope you can attend. I don’t want to give too much away, but Diahan has invited a panel of founders and pioneers to celebrate a quarter century of genetic genealogy. You won’t want to miss this!

Diahan and I were both there in the beginning, although we didn’t meet for another year or two. Preparing for this session has been fun.

Another session I’d really encourage you to attend is Genealogy’s Secret Weapon: How mtDNA Can Solve Family Mysteries with Katy Rowe-Schurwanz, Product Manager with FamilyTreeDNA.

I’m excited about Katy’s session, and I’m planning to attend. She has some really good information to share, including success stories.

Add sessions to your schedule by clicking on the add button.

Unfortunately, you can’t add personal appointments or vendor booth talks to your schedule.

View Your Schedule

You can view your schedule by clicking on the little calendar icon at the top.

Are you excited yet?

Get yourself signed up if you haven’t already.

Next week, I’ll publish a list of my talks in vendors’ booths, book signings, and their relevant times for people attending in person.

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You’re always welcome to forward articles or links to friends and share on social media.

If you haven’t already subscribed (it’s free,) you can receive an e-mail whenever I publish by clicking the “follow” button on the main blog page, here.

You Can Help Keep This Blog Free

I receive a small contribution when you click on some of the links to vendors in my articles. This does NOT increase your price but helps me keep the lights on and this informational blog free for everyone. Please click on the links in the articles or to the vendors below if you are purchasing products or DNA testing.

Thank you so much.

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Bennett Greenspan: Meet My Extended Family & Discover Extraordinary Deep Heritage

“My ancestors are in my soul. I can’t get them out of my mind.”

Bennett Greenspan

“And yes, I brake for cemeteries.”

Bennett Greenspan gave an incredibly interesting presentation at the 15th International Genetic Genealogy Conference held by FamilyTreeDNA in November 2023. Since his retirement in January 2021, he has been able to focus on his genealogy. Once a genealogist, always a genealogist.

Bennett said some things I hadn’t thought about, and now I’m viewing Y-DNA matches with a different perspective – based on how he’s using his results.

Ever since I met him, Bennett’s focus has been to use genetics to unravel his complex Jewish heritage.

The questions that drive Bennett are the same ones that motivate most genealogists:

  1. Who are we?
  2. Where did we come from?
  3. Where were we before we were there?
  4. How did my ancestors get there?

Bennett “lost his family lines” before the mid-1800s due to his Jewish heritage, exacerbated in the 1930s by the devastation wrought by the Holocaust. Families were either killed or scattered to survive. It has been through Y-DNA in particular that he has been able to establish unquestionable and confirmed connections with other Greenspan men, sometimes by similar but different surnames, like Green, and sometimes with other surnames entirely.

When Bennett first started down this path, he tested more than 62 men before actually finding one a decade later that matched his Y-DNA. Bennet commented that it was “a little frustrating.”

Persistence is the key, and sometimes, genealogy is a waiting game, but that’s small comfort to genealogists during that unproductive waiting period.

Eventually, Bennett reassembled his family, at least somewhat, but it was a long journey. Here’s Bennett’s incredible story, including surprises, as he tells it.

Bennett discovered genealogy at age 12 and, like many genealogists, created a pedigree chart by talking to his family.

I love the mark-outs. How many of us still have our first chart with its edits?

This is the young Bennett Greenspan, whose interest in genealogy would one day unlock secrets for all of us!

It was a long way from a decade with no matches to finding his genetic kin in Ukraine.

The Big Y-700 Time Tree shows Bennett’s lineage in Ukraine, but stepping back in time, some descendants of his ancestors are found in adjacent locations.

Bennett was passionately discussing his matches on the time tree and in the Greenspan project, so I visited the Greenspan DNA Project, where the earliest known ancestors of Bennett’s Big Y matches are shown on the Group Time Tree.

Bennett’s closest matches are shown as descendants of haplogroup J-ZS1718. He has additional matches who are not in the Greenspan project. Since this is the Group Time Tree, it only displays the people in that project, along with their earliest known ancestors, Isaac and Usher Greenspan.

12-Marker Matches

Bennett never fails to amaze me. He said something very important and profound about 12-marker matches that I really hadn’t thought about – at least not this way.

As a community, we are often guilty of discounting 12-marker matches, those that don’t match us at 25-markers or above, or with different surnames, as “too far back in time” or otherwise irrelevant. I always look at the names and earliest known ancestors of 12-marker matches, because that person may have tested back in the day when fewer markers were available. But if I don’t recognize something, I move on.

However, Bennett said that, ”Y-12 matches reach back to a common ancestor. 12-marker matches are not a quirk. They are related to you, just further back in time. You share a common ancestor with them, someplace. They may be more distant, but they are still your close matches.”

I’ve been in too much of a hurry for a quick win, and ignoring the (apparently not so) obvious.

Determining when and where their ancestors lived also paves the way to discover yours. Your Y-DNA and theirs were in the same place at the same time.

Of Bennett’s 171 12-marker matches, 107 have upgraded to the Big Y, probably mostly due to his encouragement. This benefits both them and Bennett by fleshing out the history of that entire group of men, including how they got to where they are found in the first available records. The Time Tree shows when Big Y testers shared a common ancestor, and based on Earliest Known Ancestor (EKA) locations, where. This provides further information about the lives of ancestors before contemporary records – in other words – people that we can never identify by name. It’s a window into ancestors before surnames.

Bennett notes that testers need to know their ancestral village or location to be most useful within the project, and of course, they need to enter their EKA information. Location information is how the Migration Map, Matches Map, and Discover tools, including the Time Tree, are built.

What Happened in Spain?

Bennett’s ancestors and those of his 12-marker matches are found in Spain, and as Bennett says, “One son stayed and one left about the year 296.”

While we have no idea of their names, based on the Time Tree combined with the cluster of earliest known ancestors, we know that they were in Spain, and when.

Their family story is revealed in the bifurcation of the tree found beneath haplogroup J-L823, formed about 296 CE. One line stayed in Spain, and Bennett’s line migrated to eastern Europe where that man’s descendants, including Bennett’s family, are found in the Russian Federation, Belarus, Poland, Lithuania, Sweden, Slovakia, Ukraine, Germany, Romania, the Czech Republic, and other eastern European locations. The closer to you in the tree and in time, the more relevant to your more recent ancestral story.

However, Bennett’s deeper ancestry, the migration of his ancestors to Spain, was only revealed by testing those more distantly related men. Those same men could well have been ignored entirely because they only matched at 12 markers.

According to Bennett, “Y-12 markers are important because these are the men most closely related to you in a database of 1 million men.”

How incredibly profound. How much have I been cavalierly overlooking?

How does this actually apply to Bennett’s results?

Bennett’s Spanish Matches

Bennett has the following STR panel matches who indicate that their EKA are from Spain. You can see that they match Bennett on a variety of panels.

  • X = yes, match
  • No = no match
  • Blank = not tested at that level.

In the Big Y GD column, the genetic distance (GD) is displayed as 15/660 where 15 is the number of mismatches, or the cumulative genetic distance ABOVE the 111 panel, and 660 is the number of STR markers above 111 with results.

The Big Y-500 test guaranteed a minimum of 500 total STR markers, and the Big Y-700 guarantees a minimum of 700 total STR markers, plus multiple scans of the balance of the Y chromosome for SNP mutations that define haplogroups. Testers don’t receive the same number of markers because the scan technology sometimes doesn’t read a specific location.

Tester 12 25 37 67 111 Big Y Test Big Y GD Big Y Match Haplogroup
AA X X X No No Yes 15/660 No J-FTD8826
DT X X No No X Yes 17/664 No J-FTE50318
JG X X No No
AR No No X X No No
ELR X X X No No
EL X X Yes 17/666 No J-FTE50318
GC X X X X No No
JC X No No
JLG X X No No No Yes 14/662 No J-FTE23540
MF X X No X No Yes 15/665 No J-FTD91126
MT X X X X No No
BE X X X X X Yes 20/664 No J-BY1795
DR X X X X X Yes 16/660 No J-FTC87344
EC X X X X X Yes 15/665 No J-FTC87344
GM X X No No No Yes 16/650 No J-FTD28153
GM X X X X No Yes 17/664 No J-FTD11019
LS X X No No No Yes 18/666 No J-FTD28153
NE X X X X X Yes 23/597 No J-BY1795
NC X No No
RR X X X No X Yes 22/659 No J-BY1795
TT X X X X X Yes 16/647 No J-FTC87344
XG X X X No No Yes 17/523 No J-BY167283
JA X X No No No Yes 15/646 No J-FTD11019

Of those 23 Spanish matches, sixteen have upgraded to Big Y tests, 14 of which are Big Y-700s, resulting in nine different haplogroups, all of which are descendants of Haplogroup J-L823. How cool is that?

The “Nos” in the Big Y Match Column aren’t mistakes. That’s right – none of these men match Bennett on the Big Y test, meaning they had more than a 30 mutation difference between them and Bennett on the Big Y test.

At first glance, you’d think that Bennett would have been disappointed, but that’s not the case at all! In fact, it was the information provided by these distant Spanish matches that provided Bennett with the information that his line had split sometime around the year 296 CE, with one branch remaining in Spain and his branch migrating to Eastern Europe, where he has lots of matches.

DNA Plus History

What was happening in Spain or the Iberian peninsula that involved the Jewish people about that time? Historical records exist of Jews living in that region before the fall of the Second Temple in about 70 CE, including records of Jews being expelled from Rome in 139 for their “corrupting influence.”

Furthermore, the Ancient DNA Connections for haplogroup J-L823, the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) for all of those branches, includes connections to multiple burials from:

  • Lebanon
  • Iran
  • Rome (from 1-400 CE)
  • Turkey
  • Jordan

Clearly, Bennett’s ancestor was in the Iberian peninsula around or before 296 CE. One branch stayed, winding up in Spain, and one headed for Europe.

Without these matches, some who didn’t match above the 12 or 25 marker level, how would Bennett have EVER known that his Jewish ancestors left the Middle East for Spain in the early years? How would he have known they migrated from Spain to Eastern Europe, and how would he have known that his line did not migrate directly from the Levant to Eastern Europe in the 9th century?

Big Y matches are typically within about 1500 years, but non-matches are still INCREDIBLY valuable. Without them, you can’t completely assemble your family story.

I noticed on the Time Tree that in Bennett’s Eastern European line, one of his ancestor’s brother lineages includes the Katzenellenbogen Rabbinic Lineage derived from ancient DNA samples.

Bennett’s successes have resulted from contacting his matches and encouraging upgrades. So how did he do it? What’s the magic sauce?

Contacting Matches

How to contact matches successfully is a question I see often. In fact, FamilyTreeDNA recently wrote about that in an article, here.

Bennett’s methodology for contacting his matches to encourage an upgrade is that he sends an email explaining why he’s encouraging them to upgrade, followed by a 2nd email three days later.

Bennett tells the recipient that we are at an inflection point in time. “It’s winter, the wind is blowing hard, and many of the leaves are gone.”

In other words, we need to cast the net wider and capture what we can, while we can. Unfortunately, many early testers have died, and with them, chapters of history are perishing.

Collaboration is key. In addition to encouraging upgrades, Bennett also offers Zoom calls to these groups of men to explain the results if they are interested.

What a GREAT idea! I need to begin offering that as well.

Upgrade Request

Bennett reaches out to his matches at various levels, but he expects his closer STR matches, meaning at the 67 and 111 marker level with the fewest mismatches, to match him on a Big Y-700 test and connect someplace between 300-600 years ago, which helps everyone flesh out their tree.

Bennett’s email:

Hello <name>,

Since you have already made a sizable investment in your Y-DNA, you now know that we come from the dominant male Middle Eastern group (Haplogroup J) of men who <subject here>.

What’s really neat is that our Y-DNA has recently been found in an archaeological site in Northwestern Jordan dated to about 4200 years ago. I know this because I upgraded to the Big Y, which tests SNPs, looking at several million locations on the Y chromosome of each man.

One academic customer recently compared this new technology as the difference between looking into space with binoculars versus the Hubble Telescope.

I don’t know if you are familiar with your list of matches at the highest level you’ve tested for, either Y-67 or Y-111. If you are, you should recognize my name and the names of others who have taken the Big Y test.

You’ll see what you’ll gain by letting me upgrade your test for you and determining whether you are related to my line – probably between about 200 years and 500 years.

This might be the second time that I have written to you on this matter; can I presume if I don’t hear from you that you’re not really interested in the Y-DNA subject anymore?

Can I run the test so that I can see how closely we are related – at my expense? (Of course, you get to see how closely related we are, too).

Please reply to me and say “yes.” You don’t even have to put a 🙂 if you don’t want to.

I started this company and this industry over 20 years ago. I predict that you will be happy with the history of YOU that this upgrade will uncover.

Best,

Bennett Greenspan

As you can see, this email can easily be personalized further and adapted to matches at the 37, 25, and 12 marker levels – or even Family Finder matches, now that intermediate-range haplogroups are being reported.

What’s Next?

I’m going back to every one of the kits I sponsored or that represent descendants of one of my ancestors to review their matches again – focusing not just on the closest matches with common surnames, but also on locations – and specifically at lower matching levels. I’ll also be checking their Family Finder matches for male surname matches, or similar surnames.

As is evident from Bennett’s tests, an entire mine of diamonds is out there, just waiting to be unearthed by a Big Y test.

And to think that some people have been advising people to ignore 12-marker matches out-of-hand because they are “entirely irrelevant.” They aren’t – for two reasons.

  1. First, some early testers only tested to that level
  2. Second, because of the deeper history that Big Y tests from those matches will uncover

You can view your Y-DNA matches, upgrade your own Y-DNA test, or order a Big Y-700 test if you haven’t yet tested by clicking here. What’s your next step?

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